liver+-+nicoleselma

The Live r

**// Functions: //** The liver has many functions such as to produce substances that break down fats, convert glucose to glycogen, produce urea, make certain amino acids, filter harmful substances from the blood storage of vitamins and minerals and maintain a proper level of glucose in the blood. The liver also produces cholesterol.

Liver is divided into 4 lobes. The liver is covered by visceral peritoneum, except just under diaphragm. From behind, the lobes are divided up by the ligamentum venosum and ligamentum teres. The porta hepatis or transverse fissure of the liver is a short but deep fissure, about 5 cm long, extending transversely. It is the central hilum through which portal vein, hepatic artery proper and common bile duct enter the liver.
 * // Anotomy: //**

**// Histology: //** Connective tissue divides the liver into thousands of small units called lobules. A lobule is roughly hexagonal in shape, with portal triads at the vertices and a central vein in the middle. The lobule is the structural unit of the liver. The parenchymal cells of the liver are hepatocytes. You can see glycogen granules and vesicles containing very low density lipoproteins.The space between endothelium and hepatocytes is called the Space of Disse which collects lymph for delivery to lymphatic capillaries. Bile originates as secretions from the basal surface of hepatocytes. These secretions flow toward the lobules and into bile ductules and interlobular bile ducts, collecting in the hepatic duct outside the liver. The hepatic duct is continuous with the common bile duct, which delivers bile into the duodenum.

The Liver creates bile which is stored between meals in the gallbladder. When you eat, it is squeezed out of the gallbladder, through the bile ducts, and into the intestine to mix with the fat in food. The bile acids dissolve fat into the watery contents of the intestine.
 * // Digestive Process //**:

Cirrhosis is the eighth leading cause of death in the United States, according to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). Because of chronic damage to the liver, scar tissue slowly replaces normal functioning liver tissue, progressively diminishing blood flow through the liver. As the normal liver tissue is lost, nutrients, hormones, drugs, and poisons are not processed effectively by the liver. In addition, protein production and other substances produced by the liver are inhibited.
 * // Digestive Disorders: //**

Fibrosis is the growth of scar tissue due to infection, inflammation, injury, or even healing. The overgrowth of scar tissue can occur in almost any organ. Fibrosis in the liver can inhibit the organ's proper functioning. Liver fibrosis is usually the result of cirrhosis.

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver that sometimes causes permanent damage. It is caused by viruses, bacteria, certain medicines, or alcohol. It may also be caused by certain diseases such as: autoimmune diseases, metabolic diseases, and congenital (present at birth) abnormalities (biliary atresia, Wilson's disease). Generally, symptoms of hepatitis include fever, jaundice, and an enlarged liver.



code Across 1. The liver weighs about _____ pounds 5. ___ production and other substances produced by the liver are inhibited 9. Symptoms of hepatitis include jaundice, an enlarged liver and ___ 10. The liver is divided into _____ lobes 12. The liver creates this 14. Alcohol alters the _____ of the liver 16. The parenchymal cells of the liver 19. Connective tissue divides the liver into thousands of small units called Down 2. Inflammation of the liver 3. The growth of scar tissue due to infection, inflammation, injury, or even healing 4. The liver helps with hormonal balance, fat regulation and ____ 6. The overgrowth of scar tissue can occur in almost any ___ 7. Hepatitis is caused by ____, bacteria, certain medicines, or alcohol 8. A short but deep fissure, about 5 cm long 11. The liver maintains a proper level of glucose in the ____ 13. The liver produces about ____% of the cholesterol in your body 15. The liver produces substances that break down ____ 17. The eighth leading cause of death in the United States 18. The liver converts glucose to ____ 19. This produces cholesterol

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18 glycogen 19 liver 10 four 19 lobules 12 bile 16 hepatocytes 17 Cirrhosis 3 Fibrosis 2 Hepatitis 9 fever 15 fats 11 blood 8 portahepatis 5 protein 6 organ 7 viruses 4 digestion 1 three 13 eighty 14 metabolism

Works Cited: [] [] http://w[|ww.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/liver/histology.html]